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Major Inventions

Science & Nature 51 records updated 2026-07-19

Major Inventions, with invention, inventor, year, and country.

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First 25 of 51 records. Click a column to sort these rows.

ID Invention Inventor Year Country
1 Wheel Unknown c. 3500 BC Mesopotamia
2 Writing Unknown c. 3400 BC Sumer
3 Abacus Unknown c. 2400 BC Mesopotamia
4 Alphabet Unknown c. 1050 BC Phoenicia
5 Concrete Unknown c. 200 BC Roman Republic
6 Paper Cai Lun 105 China
7 Gunpowder Unknown c. 850 China
8 Movable type printing Bi Sheng c. 1040 China
9 Compass Unknown c. 1044 China
10 Mechanical clock Unknown c. 1300 Europe
11 Printing press Johannes Gutenberg c. 1440 Germany
12 Microscope Zacharias Janssen c. 1590 Netherlands
13 Telescope Hans Lippershey 1608 Netherlands
14 Barometer Evangelista Torricelli 1643 Italy
15 Pendulum clock Christiaan Huygens 1656 Netherlands
16 Atmospheric steam engine Thomas Newcomen 1712 England
17 Mercury thermometer Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit 1714 Netherlands
18 Spinning jenny James Hargreaves 1764 England
19 Improved steam engine James Watt 1769 Scotland
20 Hot air balloon Montgolfier brothers 1783 France
21 Cotton gin Eli Whitney 1793 United States
22 Smallpox vaccine Edward Jenner 1796 England
23 Electric battery Alessandro Volta 1800 Italy
24 Steam locomotive Richard Trevithick 1804 England
25 Steamboat Robert Fulton 1807 United States

Notes